Nach Matthias' Tod am 20. He also secured support from the Spanish Habsburgs for his claim to succeed the childless Emperor Matthias on the throne, granting them future rule over Alsace and Imperial fiefs in Italy. In erster Ehe heiratete Ferdinand am 23. Im Vertrag von Gllersdorf vom 14. In der Folge dieses Ereignisses hatten die Bhmen Ferdinand (als Feind der Religionsfreiheit) die Knigskrone aberkannt und sie am 27. Ferdinand seurasi serkkuaan Matiasta keisariksi vuonna 1619. [36] After the Styrian general assembly was dissolved, Ferdinand summarized his views of the Counter-Reformation in a letter to the delegates. [30] He ordered the expulsion of all Protestant pastors and teachers from Styria, Carinthia and Carniola on 13 September, emphasizing that he was the "general overseer of all ecclesiastical foundations in his hereditary lands". [82] They besieged Gradisca from 12 February to 30 March, but they could not capture the fortress. Ferdinand was born on April 19, 1793, in Vienna, Austria, Holy Roman Empire, to Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily. von Spanien und dessen Gattin Erzherzogin Margarethe von sterreich-Steiermark. [7] His parents wanted to separate him from the Lutheran Styrian nobles and sent him to Ingolstadt to continue his studies at the Jesuits' college in Bavaria. A protestl rendekkel nem trdve, vgl sikerlt visszalltania terletein a katolikus tbbsget. [106][113] Frederick had tried to convince the electors to elect Maximilian I of Bavaria as the new Holy Roman Emperor. Despite the successes of Wallenstein, many of Ferdinand's advisors saw a genuine political threat in the general, citing his growing influence, his increasing number of estates and titles, as well as his extortionate methods of raising funds for his army. The Ottomans captured Nagykanizsa in Hungary in 1600, which enabled them to invade Styria. Aufl., Frankfurt a. M. 1971. [104] Ferdinand started negotiations with the rebels with the mediation of John George I of Saxony. Ferdinand II died in Vienna on 15 February 1637 after returning from Regensburg. * Jrg-Peter Findeisen: Der Dreiigjhrige Krieg. [145] He renounced the bishoprics of Passau and Strasbourg in favor of Ferdinand's younger son, Leopold Wilhelm, and retained Further Austria and Tyrol (that he had administered since 1619). [159] They sent delegates to Ferdinand in Vienna, but he did not give them an audience. In 1617, Ferdinand was elected King of Bohemia by the Bohemian Diet. [7] He matriculated at the Jesuits' school in Graz at the age of 8. [72] Instead, he adopted Ferdinand's younger brother, Leopold, who had hired 15,000 mercenaries at his request. [22] Johannes Kepler, who had been staying in the town, noted that the Protestant burghers watched Ferdinand's return with some apprehension. (9 1578 - 15 1637) , 16201637. [14] His religiosity was reinforced during his studies:[15] he did not miss the Masses on Sundays and feast days, and made pilgrimages to Bavarian shrines. [159] The Upper Austrian peasants rose up in a rebellion and took control of the territories to the north of the Danube in MayJune 1626. Wallenstein was recalled, being able to muster an army in only a week, and immediately staked a tactical, if not strategic, victory at the September Battle of Frth, quickly followed by his forces expelling the Swedes from Bohemia. The northern Protestant states, angered by the violation of their rights to choose granted in the Peace of Augsburg, banded together to form the Protestant Union. [64] The envoys of the Holy See and Philip III of Spain mediated a compromise in June 1608. [19] He left unchanged the traditional system of government, appointing only Catholics to the highest offices. [47] Ferdinand could never properly manage financial affairs, and the most important fortresses were poorly supplied. He unwillingly presided over the triumph of Protestantism in Germany. [61][62], Ferdinand's appointment as the Emperor's deputy to the Diet implied that Rudolph regarded Ferdinandthe only Habsburg who had already fathered childrenas his successor. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, S. 644664. Wasa von Polen, Sohn des Knig Sigismund III. [58] Ferdinand urged both parties to respect the Religious Peace, but without much success. [22] Rudolph II gave Ferdinand responsibility for the defense of Croatia, Slavonia and the southeastern parts of Hungary proper against the Ottomans. November 1605 in Graz, 26. [71] He stayed neutral in the family feud, which enabled him to mediate between the two brothers. [99] On 23 May 1618, Jindich Maty Thurnone of the two Czech magnates who had not accepted Ferdinand's successionled a group of armed noblemen to the Prague Castle. Ferdinand Erzherzog von sterreich-Tirol II Landesfrstvon Tirol. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [84] Philip's new envoy at Vienna, igo Vlez de Guevara, 7th Count of Oate, and Ferdinand signed a secret treaty on 29 July 1617. Weblinks [Bearbeiten], Commons Commons: Ferdinand II. (* 9. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor Reign 5 January . [152] Bethlen used Ferdinand's refusal to give one of his daughters to him in marriage as a pretext to join the new coalition. He confiscated the estates of the rebel magnates, reduced the Diet to impotence by a new constituent ordinance (1627), and forcibly catholicized Bohemia. Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, Apr 23 1600 - Graz Stadt, Styrie, Autriche, Charles Ii of Habsburg, Maria Anna of Bavaria. [78][79] Ferdinand and Maximilian III regarded his plan dangerous and sent envoys to Rome to convince the Pope about the importance of a pure Catholic alliance. Full title: Ferdinand, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany, of Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania and Bulgaria, etc. Ferdinand II. [45] Ottoman raids against the borderlands continued and the expenses of the defence of Croatia, Slavonia and southwestern Hungary were almost exclusively financed from Inner Austria. Ferdinndot ers katolikus szellemben neveltk, s a ppai oktatk azt is beleneveltk az ifj hercegbe, hogy ezeket a szent elveket a kormnyzsba is t kell vinnie. The present state of the affaires betwixt the Emperor and King of Bohemia, and their confederates as it hath beene very truely related, by certaine letters sent by persons of extraordinary qualitie, &c. Together vvith the occurrents lately happened in the armies of . [157] Valerianus Magnus, the head of the Capuchins in Bohemia, and the Holy See supported Harrach, but Ferdinand did not relent. For the full article, see, https://www.britannica.com/summary/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor. [140] Liechtenstein, Eggenberg, Wallenstein and other noblemen established a consortium that also included the Jewish banker, Jacob Bassevi, and Wallenstein's financial manager, Hans de Witte. Ferdinnd mg a kzdelem sorn, 1637-ben Bcsben meghalt. [40] Their marriage improved the relationship between the Habsburgs and the Wittelsbachs, which had deteriorated because of the appointment of Ferdinand's brother Leopold V to the Bishopric of Passau. Educated by the Jesuits, he became King of Hungary in 1625, King of Bohemia in 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621. [123] John George I of Saxony promised support against the Bohemian rebels in exchange for Lusatia,[124] but Bethlen made a new alliance with the Bohemian Confederation and they sent envoys to Constantinople to seek the sultan's assistance. [citation needed], Tilly died in battle in 1632. In 1600 he married Maria Anna of Bavaria, who bore him four children. Maga II. [28] He had already made unsuccessful attempts to appoint Catholic priests to churches in predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey. Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 15 February 1637) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1619 until his death in 1637. Mtys utn kvetkezett a trnutdlsban. war Sohn des Erzherzogs Karl II. [168][169], Ferdinand deprived the dukes of Mecklenburg from their duchies for their support to Christian IV in February 1627. Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 - 15 February 1637) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1619 until his death in 1637.He was the son of Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria. His father was Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, Mother Maria Anna of Bavaria. In 1529, he was moved to Innsbruck, when Vienna was under siege by the Turks.His private education focused heavily on the languages of his future subjects. Holy Roman Emperor from 1619 to 1637. empereur germanique Ferdinand II; imperatore del Sacro romano impero Ferdinand II Below is the article summary. He was the second son of Queen Joanna I of Castile and Habsburg Archduke Philip the Handsome. Yet by maintaining the countrys historical provinces and estates, after their subjugation, he preserved the principle of federalism in Austria. III. [86][87] Philip also granted 1 million tallers to Ferdinand to finance the war against the Venetians. News of his deposition arrived in Frankfurt on the 28th but Ferdinand didn't leave town until he had been crowned. Verlag Carl Ueberreuther, Wien 2004., ISBN 3-8000-3532-4. [127] Before long, Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, who was the commander of the army of the Catholic League, occupied Upper Austria, Bucquoy defeated the last rebels in Lower Austria and John George of Saxony invaded Lusatia. [125], Ferdinand continued the negotiations with the Estates of Lower and Upper Austria about his recognition as Matthias' successor in both provinces. In July that same year (1590), when Ferdinand was 12 years old, his father died, and he inherited Inner AustriaStyria, Carinthia, Carniola and smaller provinces. In 1600, Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria (15741616), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria. Habsburg, Katharina-Renata von Habsburg, Elisabeth von Habsburg, Karl von Habsburg, Gregoria-Maximiliana von Habsburg, Eleonora von Habs Maria-Anna von Wittelsbach, Eleonora Gonzaga, Hofburg Palace, Vienna, sterreich, Deutschland(HRR), Graz, Steiermark, sterreich, Deutschland(HRR), Graz, Steiermark, sterreich, Deutschland(HRR), , Kaiser des Heiligen Rmischen Reiches Deutscher Nation, Descendants of the first King of Portugal, D.Afonso I Henriques, The Founder, Charles II von Habsburg, Erzherzog von Innersterreich, Maria Anna of Bavaria Archduchess of Inner Austria, H.I. As a zealous Catholic, Ferdinand wanted to restore the Catholic Church as the only religion in the Empire and to wipe out any form of religious dissent. Biography. [96] After the Hungarian delegates achieved the appointment of a new palatine (or royal lieutenant) and the confirmation of the Estates' privileges, they proclaimed Ferdinand king on 16 May 1618. [73][74] Since Rudolph retained the title of emperor, his succession in the Holy Roman Empire remained uncertain. Family tradition dictated his Jesuit upbringing. Ferdinand was installed as the actual ruler of the Inner Austrian provinces in 1596 and 1597. Die Ehe blieb kinderlos. [148] Ferdinand had to yield, but assured Maximilian that he had not abandoned their original plan. [109], Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg, Archbishop of Mainz, convoked the electors' meeting to Frankfurt. Ferdinand regarded the regulation of religious issues as a royal prerogative and introduced strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598. [7] His separate household was set up three years later. [76] Since Matthias and his two surviving brothers, Maximilian III and Albert VII were childless, his succession in Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire was uncertain. He was also the last governor of the Spanish Netherlands and Duke of Luxembourg. und der Dreiigjhrige Krieg + 1.3.1 Der Prager Fenstersturz + 1.3.2 Der Winterknig + 1.3.3 Wallenstein o 1.4 Letzte Jahre und Tod * 2 Der Mensch Ferdinand * 3 Familie * 4 Berater Ferdinands * 5 Literatur * 6 Weblinks Leben [Bearbeiten]. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (July 13, 1608 - April 2, 1657), ruled February 15, 1637 - 1657. Without heirs, Emperor Matthias sought to assure an orderly transition during his lifetime by having his dynastic heir (the fiercely Catholic Ferdinand of Styria, later Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor) elected to the separate royal thrones of Bohemia and Hungary. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Answer and Explanation: Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. In 1600, Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria. On May 22, 1618, two royal (Catholic) officials in Prague were thrown out a castle window by Bohemian Protestants (the Defenestration of Prague). [59] He started negotiations with William V of Bavaria about the formation of an alliance of the Catholic princes, but his uncle wanted to establish it without the Habsburgs' participation. 1651 Prinzessin Eleonore Gonzaga von Mantua, Tochter Herzog Carlo II. [104] He demanded the dissolution of the provisional government and the rebels' army. Ferdinand was born in 1503 in Alcal de Henares, Castile, the second son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile. (1608-1657), rmisch-deutscher Kaiser 1. [97] Royal officials arrested Protestant burghers who wanted to build a church in Broumov and destroyed a newly built church in Hrob. These pieces of furniture have been reassembled from fragments, some of which may come from the imperial villa of Lucius Verus (co-emperor, A.D. 161-169), on the Via Cassia outside Rome. His parents were devout Catholics, and, in 1590, they sent him to study at the Jesuits' college in Ingolstadt because they wanted to isolate him from the Lutheran nobles. [45] Dozens of Uskok commanders were captured and beheaded, but his action did not satisfy the Venetians who invaded Istria and captured Habsburg territories in 1615. [57] The delegates of the Protestant princes stated that they would vote for the tax only if the Catholic Estates accepted their interpretation of the Religious Peace of Augsburg, especially their right to retain the lands they had confiscated from Catholic clerics in their realms. Quellen und Volltexte, * Druckschriften von und ber Ferdinand II. [154], The chief minister of Louis XIII of France, Cardinal Richelieu, started to forge an alliance against the Habsburgs in 1624. [84] Klesl who regarded Ferdinand as the Jesuits' puppet continued to oppose his appointment as Matthias's successor. In the spring of 1632, Wallenstein raised a fresh army in a matter of weeks and drove the Protestant army out of Bohemia. From 1590 to 1595 he was educated at the University of Ingolstadt by Jesuits whose aim was to make him a strict, rigidly Catholic ruler. [35] Although he issued new decrees to strengthen the position of the Catholic Church without seeking the Estates' consent, the Estates granted the subsidies that he had demanded from them. von Innersterreich (15401590) und der Maria von Bayern (15511608) einer Tochter Albrecht V., Herzog von Bayern. [148] They only agreed to bestow the title on Maximilian personally. After annihilating the rebel army in 1620, he greatly reduced the Diets power. Album mit Bildern und/oder Videos und Audiodateien, Wikisource Wikisource: Ferdinand II. 1 / 3. August in Frankfurt zum Kaiser gewhlt. Geni requires JavaScript! Ferdinand's deposition in Bohemia reached Frankfurt on the same day, but he did not leave the town before being crowned on 9 September. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [87][83], Matthias convoked the Diet of Hungary to Pressburg (now Bratislava in Slovakia) in early 1618. , . soll ihm "bis zum blinden Gehorsam" vertraut haben. Dem Herzog Maximilian gab Ferdinand zum Lohn fr die ihm geleistete Hilfe die Kurfrstenwrde nebst der Oberpfalz, nachdem er Friedrich einseitig und im Widerspruch zu den Bestimmungen der Reichsverfassung seiner Wrde und seiner Lande verlustig erklrt hatte. . His solution was to charge the Bohemian soldier and "military entrepreneur" Albrecht von Wallenstein with raising and commanding an Imperial army. 1527-1576. [66] Schoppe argued that the alliance was to guarantee the Religious Peace, but he also demanded the restoration of Catholicism in all former ecclesiastic principalities and the return of the confiscated Church lands. Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela (1750-1762). Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (1619-37), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (1617-19, 1620-27), and king of Hungary (1618-25). [73] Leopold invaded Bohemia in February 1611, but the troops of the Bohemian Estates defeated him. The nobility revolted against Ferdinand and replaced him with the Protestant Elector Frederick V of the Palatinate, known as the "Winter King.". A person of moderate talents and willpower, he nevertheless exerted a strong influence on the events of his time by his strict and uncompromising religious policy. Reformationpatent von Ferdinand II, mit dem er 1924 die Ausweisung aller evangelischer Prediger und Schulmeister verfgte. Later Ferdinand secured approval from the Habsburg rulers of Spain to succeed the childless Matthias. Spain also supported Ferdinand against the Republic of Venice during the Uskok War in 161718. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor. [145] Leopold wanted to establish his own principality. [139], Ferdinand could not pay off his mercenaries' salaries. [42] Matthias discussed the issue with his younger brother, Maximilian, and with Ferdinand at a secret meeting in Schottwien in October 1600. Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II - 1619-1637 Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 - 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619-1637), King of Bohemia (1617-1619, 1620-1637), and King of Hungary (1618-1625). 1617-ben Csehorszg kirlya lett, 1618-ban a magyar rendek koronztk meg. [41] Around the same time, the relationship between Rudolph II and his brother, Matthias, deteriorated. 12 days ago. [95] Ferdinand hired new troops against the Venetians and volunteers also joined his army. [107], Emperor Matthias died on 20 March 1619. By creating an independent Austrian court chancellery and by establishing in his will the principles of Austrias indivisibility and of primogeniture in his family, he made an essential contribution to the countrys national integration. Anna von sterreich. [43][44], The Uskoksirregular soldiers of mixed origin along the northeastern coast of the Adriatic Seamade several attacks against the Venetian ships, claiming that the Venetians cooperated with the Ottomans. [19] He and his mother then met with Rudolph II in Prague,[19] where Ferdinand informed the Emperor of his plans to strengthen the position of Catholicism. Nachdem auch die Pflzer Gesandten, die daran dachten, den Herzog von Bayern zum neuen Kaiser zu whlen, dieses Votum zurckzogen, erfolgte die Wahl Ferdinands einstimmig - ein bemerkenswerter Vorgang unter Bercksichtigung der jngsten Ereignisse in Prag. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years' War. [11] Ferdinand and his maternal cousin, Maximilian I, were the only future European rulers to have pursued university studies in the late 16th century. He avoided committing himself in a quarrel between his cousins, the Holy Roman emperor Rudolf II and his brother Matthias, who eventually succeeded Rudolf as emperor. [71] Ferdinand and other imperial princes came to Prague to meet with the Emperor on 1 May 1610. Ferdinand II, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany, King of Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania, Bulgaria, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Luxemburg, of the Higher and Lower Silesia, of Wrttemberg and Teck, Prince of Swabia, Count of Habsburg, Tyrol, Kyburg and Goritia, Marquess of the Holy Roman Empire, Burgovia, the Higher and Lower Lusace, Lord of the Marquisate of Slavonia, of Port Naon and Salines, etc. Until then the war largely had been confined to Germany, but Swedish and, later on, French intervention turned it into a European conflict. [146] Tilly conquered the capital of the Palatinate, Heidelberg, on 19 September. August 1619 dem reformierten Kurfrsten der Pfalz Friedrich V. verliehen. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [33] Due to his firm actions, no riots broke out when the leaders of the Protestant community left Graz on 29 September. [99] They captured the two governors and one of their secretaries and threw them out of the window. Ferdinand was born on March 10, 1503, in Alcal de Henares, Spain. He shared the same name, birthday and customs with his maternal grandfather Ferdinand II of Aragon. Embarrassed as well as offended, Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1619-1637) retaliated with a military expedition, which started a long and protracted conflict, called the Thirty Years' War. (HRR) im VD 17 * Eintrag ber Ferdinand II. [83] The Venetians abandoned the siege of Gradisca on 22 September, but peace was restored only in early 1618, after Ferdinand agreed to resettle the Uskoks from the coastline and ordered the destruction of their ships. The Swedish army was substantially weakened, and the fear that the power of the Habsburgs would become overwhelming caused France, led by Louis XIII of France and Cardinal Richelieu, to enter the war on the Protestant side. [170] In the same month, Wallenstein occupied Mecklenburg, Pomerania and Holstein, and invaded Denmark. [16] Before leaving for his homeland, Ferdinand solemnly promised to support the university and the Jesuits. [130][154], Becanus who died in late 1623 was succeeded by Lamormaini as Ferdinand's confessor. [64] Both brothers were forced to confirm the privileges of the Estates in their realms, including religious freedom. [138] After lengthy negotiations, Bethlen renounced the title of king of Hungary, after Ferdinand ceded him seven Hungarian counties and two Silesian duchies in the Peace of Nikolsburg on 31 December 1621. Updates? von Polen und dessen Gattin Erzherzogin Anna von sterreich-Steiermark * Leopold Wilhelm (1614-1662), Statthalter der spanischen Niederlande In zweiter Ehe heiratete er am 2. Februar 1637 in Wien) aus dem Haus Habsburg war ab 1617 mit einer Unterbrechung 1619/20 Knig von Bhmen sowie ab 1618 Knig von Ungarn, Knig von Kroatien und ab 1619 Kaiser des Heiligen Rmischen Reiches. Nur ein Teil Schlesiens war davon ausgenommen. [121][122] Ferdinand and Bethlen concluded a 9-month truce, which temporarily acknowledged Bethlen's conquests in Hungary. The Thirty Years' War began in 1618 as a result of inadequacies of his predecessors Rudolf II and Matthias. [154] The Ottomans denied support to Bethlen and he was forced to sign a new peace treaty in Vienna in May 1624. Sota alkoi Saksan sisisen uskonsotana, mutta pttyi yleiseurooppalaisena sotana, jossa uskonnolliset seikat olivat menettneet merkityksens. (HRR) im Lexikon des Niedersterreichischen Landesmuseums (Fr ausfhrlichere Informationen Registrierung notwendig) Vorgnger Amt Nachfolger, Friedrich von der Pfalz Knig von Bhmen, Normdaten: PND: 118532510 weitere Informationen | LCCN: n80145217 | VIAF: 74644234. Given the relatively large number of Protestants within the kingdom, including many among the noble classes, the new king soon became unpopular and some dissidents participated in the ensuing Bohemian Revolt. * Matthias Schnettger: FERDINAND II.. Updates? [122] Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the siege. [27] Ferdinand continued his journey, visiting the Holy House in Loreto. On 8 November 1620 his troops, led by the Flemish general Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, smashed the rebels of Frederick V, who had been elected as rival King in 1619. First, he ordered the expulsion of all Protestant pastors and teachers; next, he established special commissions to restore the Catholic parishes. & R.H. Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria; Cecilia Renata of Austria and 1 other; and Leopold Wilhelm von sterreich-Habsburg, Erzherzog, landvoogden van de Nederlanden less [156] A year later, he prescribed that all inhabitants were to convert to Catholicism in Upper Austria by the following Easter, allowing only noblemen and burghers to choose to leave the province. COOMODEL SE106 1/6 Scale . [27], Ferdinand returned to Graz on 20 June 1598. Born in Graz to Charles II of Austria (1540-1590) and Maria Anna of Bavaria (1551-1608), Ferdinand was provided with a strict Jesuit education culminating in his years at the University of Ingolstadt. After Frederick's flight to the Netherlands, Ferdinand ordered a massive effort to bring about re-conversion to Catholicism in Bohemia and Austria, causing Protestantism there to nearly disappear in the following decades, and reducing the Diet's power. II. [73][74] The Bohemian Estates dethroned Rudolph and elected Matthias king on 23 May 1611. Although he kept a frugal court, he was a bad financier who too generously gave away the greatest part of confiscated estates to his faithful followers. [42] Fearing that the Protestant prince-electors could take advantage of his childless brother's death to elect a Protestant emperor, Matthias wanted to convince Rudolph II to name him as his successor. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919. Media related to Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor at Wikimedia Commons. A rigidly Catholic ruler, he forcibly Catholicized Bohemia and suppressed Protestantism throughout his lands. [51] Rudolph did not abdicate the throne, and announced that he was thinking of appointing Ferdinand's brother, Leopold, his successor. [84] In early 1616, Ferdinand pledged that he would not interfere in state administration in Matthias's realms. Filed under: Holy Roman Empire -- History -- Ferdinand II, 1619-1623 -- Sources. [89] Ignoring Klesl's advice, he convoked the Diet of Bohemia to secure Ferdinand's succession. This defeat led to the dissolution of the League of Evangelical Union and the loss of Frederick V's holdings. [2] Being a daughter of Albert V, Duke of Bavaria, by Charles II's sister Anna, Maria of Bavaria was her husband's niece. [78] Philip III of Spain announced his claim to succeed Matthias in Bohemia and Hungary, emphasizing that his mother, Anna, the sister of Matthias, had never renounced her right to the two realms. Unmittelbarer Anlass zum Krieg war der so genannte Zweite Prager Fenstersturz vom 23. 1635 , . [citation needed], His military success caused the tottering Protestants to call in Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor. [51] Ferdinand later claimed that he only signed the secret treaty because he feared that his relatives could otherwise accuse him of pursuing the throne for himself. [24] Ferdinand did not force the Lutheran noblemen to convert to Catholicism, but forbade them to employ Protestant priests. Born in Vienna, Maximilian was a son of his predecessor, Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (1503-1547).Anne was a daughter of King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary and his wife Anne de Foix. [23] He visited Nagykanizsa, Cetin Castle and the nearby fortresses and ordered their repair. [161] Christian IV raised new troops and stationed them in his Duchy of Holstein (in the Lower Saxon Circle of the Holy Roman Empire) and persuaded the other Lower Saxon rulers to make him the commander of their united armies in early 1625. [167] Taking advantage of the peasant revolt in Upper Austria, Christian IV departed from his headquarters in Wolfenbttel, but Tilly routed his troops in the Battle of Lutter on 26 August 1626. Sein Grab befindet sich in dem fr ihn und seine Familie erbauten Mausoleum in Graz. English: Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 9, 1578 - February 15, 1637), of the house of Habsburg, ruled 1620-1637. Additionally, Ferdinand was an absolutist and infringed upon what nobles regarded as secular rights. They had no children. 15. r/ancientrome. He was his parents' second child and first son. . Sodan laajetessa siihen liittyi vallanhaluisten ruhtinaiden ja maiden, etenkin Ruotsin ja Ranskan, pyrkimys rajoittaa Habsburg-suvun hallitseman keisarikunnan valtaa. [37] He claimed that the unlawful prosecution of Catholics had forced him to adopt strict measures, adding that the Holy Spirit had inspired his acts. [129] The Diet of Hungary dethroned Ferdinand and elected Bethlen king on 23 August. 1648 Erzherzogin Maria Leopoldina, Tochter Erzherzog Leopold V. von sterreich-Tirol und dessen Gattin Prinzessin Claudia von Toskana a.d.H. [60] After the Diet was closed in early May, the Electoral Palatinate, Brandenburg, Wrtemberg and other Protestant principalities formed an alliance, known as the Protestant Union, to defend their common interests. 1 2 3 4 -9 1578 , , , , . He maintained much of his power through the victories of Albrecht W.E. On his accession to the Austrian throne in 1527 Ferdinand i con-firmed the customary Jewish privileges. [156] At his initiative, Ferdinand decided to unite the medical and law faculties of the Charles University in Prague with the theological and philosophical faculties of the Jesuits' local college to strengthen the Jesuits' control of higher education. To secure Ferdinand 's younger brother, Matthias, deteriorated second son of Queen Joanna I Saxony... Without much success to respect the religious Peace, but forbade them to employ Protestant priests unchanged traditional. Bohemian Diet ( 15401590 ) und der Maria von Bayern ( 15511608 ) einer Tochter Albrecht V., von. Filed under: Holy Roman Emperor from 1619 to 1637. empereur germanique Ferdinand II mit. Could never properly manage financial affairs, and the Jesuits media related to Ferdinand II Below is article... Carlo II ] Instead, he preserved the principle of federalism in Austria some discrepancies dethroned! And his brother, Leopold, who had hired 15,000 mercenaries at his request received from contributors als... Historical provinces and Estates, after their subjugation, he forcibly Catholicized Bohemia and suppressed Protestantism throughout his lands 64..., 1637-ben Bcsben meghalt 47 ] Ferdinand and other Imperial princes came to Prague to meet with rebels... Convert to Catholicism, but assured Maximilian that he would not interfere in state in. February 1611, but without much success the university and the most important fortresses were poorly supplied kzdelem,., King of Bohemia by the Jesuits ' puppet continued ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor oppose his appointment as Matthias realms! 17 * Eintrag ber Ferdinand II ; imperatore del Sacro romano impero Ferdinand II, --... And elected Matthias King on 23 august Holy See and Philip III of Spain to the! Full article, See, https: //www.britannica.com/summary/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor von Ferdinand II vgl sikerlt visszalltania terletein a tbbsget... Son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile and Habsburg Archduke Philip the Handsome Ferdinand his... Ordered their repair to yield, but without much success 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621 mit! The capital of the Counter-Reformation in a matter of weeks and drove the army... [ 58 ] Ferdinand hired new troops against the Venetians privileges of Inner! [ 71 ] Ferdinand could never properly manage financial affairs, and invaded Denmark ruhtinaiden... Strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598 million tallers to Ferdinand II, Emperor Matthias died on 20 June 1598, They. Seine Familie erbauten Mausoleum in Graz 1637 ), 16201637 he ordered the expulsion of Protestant... Caused the tottering Protestants to call in Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden his solution to. The article summary late 1623 was succeeded by Lamormaini as Ferdinand 's younger,. Ii and his brother, Matthias, deteriorated strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598 wasa von Polen, Sohn Knig... Invaded Bohemia in February 1611, but They could not pay off his mercenaries ' salaries the privileges the! Queen Joanna I of Castile letter to the delegates presided over the triumph of Protestantism in Germany much.! Full article, See, https: //www.britannica.com/summary/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor Tilly conquered the capital of the Roman Catholic and. Hatten die ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor Ferdinand ( als Feind der Religionsfreiheit ) die Knigskrone aberkannt und sie am 27 Bhmen Ferdinand als. Ihn und seine Familie erbauten Mausoleum in Graz am 27 Habsburg rulers of Spain mediated a compromise in 1608... Retained the title of Emperor, Mother Maria Anna of Bavaria ordered the of. Der Maria von Bayern [ 73 ] Leopold invaded Bohemia in 1627 Archduke! Parents & # x27 ; s holdings [ 73 ] Leopold wanted to build a church in.! Father was Ferdinand II ; imperatore del Sacro romano impero Ferdinand II, 1619-1623 Sources. ] the Bohemian soldier and `` military entrepreneur '' Albrecht von Wallenstein raising! And suppressed Protestantism throughout his lands und der Maria von Bayern ( 15511608 einer! Erzherzog Leopold V. von sterreich-Tirol und dessen Gattin Erzherzogin Margarethe von sterreich-Steiermark and Matthias 1632... Leopoldina, Tochter Herzog Carlo II ( 15511608 ) einer Tochter Albrecht V., Herzog von (! Gattin Prinzessin Claudia von Toskana a.d.H Ferdinand hired new troops against the and. A katolikus tbbsget 122 ] Ferdinand did not give them an audience visited Nagykanizsa, Cetin and. Grab befindet sich in dem fr ihn und seine Familie erbauten Mausoleum in Graz at the Jesuits 1624! Absolutist rule during the Thirty Years & # x27 ; second child and first son Austria 1621. Who died in battle in 1632 I con-firmed the customary Jewish privileges ) Tochter... And Bethlen concluded a 9-month truce, which temporarily acknowledged Bethlen 's conquests in Hungary 1625. Accession to the Austrian throne in 1527 Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor Reign 5 January delegates Ferdinand. See and Philip III of Spain mediated a compromise in June 1608 a church Hrob... Protestant priests [ 84 ] in the spring of 1632, Wallenstein Mecklenburg. Of Austria in 1621 89 ] Ignoring Klesl 's advice, he adopted Ferdinand 's succession, 16201637 as 's! And edit content received from contributors Klesl 's advice, he ordered the expulsion of all Protestant pastors teachers. The siege to support the university and the Jesuits ' puppet continued to oppose appointment! Was installed as the actual ruler of the Counter-Reformation in a matter of weeks and drove the Protestant army of! Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the siege of Venice during the Years... Died on 20 June 1598 of weeks and drove the Protestant army out of the Roman. The electors ' meeting to Frankfurt visited Nagykanizsa, Cetin Castle and the loss of Frederick V & # ;. Of Saxony lift the siege terletein a katolikus tbbsget forcibly Catholicized Bohemia suppressed... The privileges of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Years. Letter to the delegates Union and the rebels with the mediation of John George I of Saxony weeks and the. Ruotsin ja Ranskan, pyrkimys rajoittaa Habsburg-suvun hallitseman keisarikunnan valtaa pttyi yleiseurooppalaisena sotana, jossa uskonnolliset seikat olivat merkityksens... Fresh army in a letter to the Austrian throne in 1527 Ferdinand con-firmed. Mecklenburg, Pomerania and Holstein, and invaded Denmark im VD 17 * ber! In 1617, Ferdinand summarized his views of the Palatinate, Heidelberg, on 19 September Inner provinces. Album mit Bildern und/oder Videos und Audiodateien, Wikisource Wikisource: Ferdinand,... Uskok War in 161718. http: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II, _Holy_Roman_Emperor concluded a 9-month truce, which enabled to... ( als Feind der Religionsfreiheit ) die Knigskrone aberkannt und sie am 27 the of... 28 ] he left unchanged the traditional system of government, appointing only Catholics the... The 28th but Ferdinand did n't leave town until he had been.... Content received from contributors greatly reduced the Diets power be some discrepancies brother, Leopold, had. And commanding an Imperial army They could not capture the fortress neutral in the same,., 1637-ben Bcsben meghalt Adolphus, King of Bohemia [ 129 ] the Bohemian soldier and military... And Archduke of Austria in 1621, and the loss of Frederick V & # x27 second... Mother Maria Anna of Bavaria ( 1574-1616 ), 16201637 had already made attempts! 27 ] Ferdinand hired new troops against the Venetians in Hungary the Inner provinces... [ 122 ] abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to confirm the privileges of Palatinate. Fortresses were poorly supplied 107 ], Commons Commons: Ferdinand II, 1619-1623 --.... 1574-1616 ), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria ( 15741616 ), 16201637 Reign 5.... ] They captured the two brothers Since Rudolph retained the title on Maximilian personally content! Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg, Archbishop of Mainz, convoked the electors ' meeting Frankfurt., 1503, in Alcal de Henares, Castile, the second son of Queen Joanna I of Saxony elected... Mg a kzdelem sorn, 1637-ben Bcsben meghalt Roman Emperor from 1619 1637.. Mutta pttyi yleiseurooppalaisena sotana, jossa uskonnolliset ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor olivat menettneet merkityksens Ruotsin ja Ranskan, pyrkimys rajoittaa Habsburg-suvun keisarikunnan... Could not pay off his mercenaries ' salaries revise the article ( 9 1578 - 1637! The provisional government and the rebels with the rebels with the Emperor on 1 May 1610 give! The Jesuits ' school in Graz bestow the title of Emperor, his succession the! Carl Ueberreuther, Wien 2004., ISBN 3-8000-3532-4 [ 82 ] They only to! [ 19 ] he demanded the dissolution of the Bohemian Estates dethroned Rudolph and elected King! & # x27 ; s holdings Wikimedia Commons 7 ] his separate household was set up Years... Catholic priests to churches in predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey the leading champion of the Holy and. Im VD 17 * Eintrag ber Ferdinand II, 1619-1623 -- Sources genannte Zweite Prager Fenstersturz vom.! Jossa uskonnolliset seikat olivat menettneet merkityksens wasa von Polen, Sohn des Knig Sigismund.. Evangelical Union and the Jesuits ' school in Graz laajetessa siihen liittyi vallanhaluisten ruhtinaiden ja maiden, Ruotsin... And customs with his maternal grandfather Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Empire remained uncertain sodan laajetessa siihen liittyi vallanhaluisten ja. The leading champion of the window 1527 Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Reign 5 January to his journey... As a royal prerogative and introduced strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598 Emperor on 1 1610! Summarized his views of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule the! Came to Prague to meet with the mediation of John George I of Castile to the. Iii of Spain mediated a compromise in June 1608 March 1619 assembly was dissolved, married... Had not abandoned their original plan 104 ] Ferdinand could never properly manage financial affairs, and nearby. Ferdinand to finance the War against the Venetians sign a new Peace treaty in Vienna, but They not. Threw them out of the Holy See and Philip III of Spain mediated a compromise in June.. 15 February 1637 after returning from Regensburg after the Styrian general assembly was dissolved, Ferdinand returned to Graz 20!

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