diltiazem cd and er interchangeablediltiazem cd and er interchangeable

Should I avoid certain foods while taking diltiazem oral? ER stands for extended-release and CD stands for controlled delivery. [4] Federal legislation that may make it mandatory to include the therapeutic equivalence code on the container label, first Macrobid [package insert]. These problems may be less likely to occur if blood pressure is controlled. In other coding subcategories associated with A-rated drugs, the second letter provides information about the dosage form. The dosage is based on your medical condition, response to treatment, and other medications you may be taking. Is there a difference between these two items and why is there such a price difference? Diltiazem Hydrochloride CD is formulated as a once-a-day extended-release capsule containing 360 mg diltiazem hydrochloride (equivalent to 330.9 mg diltiazem). Drug classes: Calcium channel blocking agents, Group IV antiarrhythmics. Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. They're fast, easy-to-use and free! After ingesting, the nitrofurantoin macrocrystals are absorbed while the nitrofurantoin monohydrate mixes with gastric juices, forming a gel-like matrix. There are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women; therefore, use diltiazem hydrochloride in pregnant women only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. U.S. patent number 10,639,308 [Application Number 16/178,771] was granted by the patent office on 2020-05-05 for sgc stimulators.This patent grant is currently assigned to Cyclerion Therapeutics, Inc.. In patients with sick sinus syndrome, diltiazem significantly prolongs sinus cycle length (up to 50% in some cases). The improvement in time to termination of exercise utilizing a Bruce exercise protocol, measured at trough, for placebo, 60 mg, 120 mg, 240 mg, 360 mg, and 480 mg was 29, 40, 56, 51, 69, and 68 seconds, respectively. Diltiazem also lowers your heart rate. Be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products). Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Learn more about this drug here . An adjustment in the diltiazem dose may be warranted. Diltiazem extended-release is a calcium channel blocker (CCB) that slows your heart rate and relaxes your blood vessels. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. These subcategories include: AN: Solutions and powders for aerosolization. Diltiazem Hydrochloride CD Capsule Placebo-Controlled, Diltiazem Hydrochloride CD Extended-Release Capsules, diltiazem hydrochloride capsule, coated, extended release. heading. Ivabradine: Concurrent use of diltiazem increases exposure to ivabradine and may exacerbate bradycardia and conduction disturbances. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. On completion of this continuing medical education offering, participants will be able to: Medical Education Collaborative, a nonprofit education organization, is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Diltiazem undergoes extensive metabolism in which only 2% to 4% of the unchanged drug appears in the urine. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). These extended release formulations are termed GITS (gastrointestinal therapeutic system) and CC (coat core). Wellbutrin XL. Medscape encourages you to complete the Activity Evaluation to provide feedback for future programming. To successfully earn credit, participants must complete the AB1, AB2). Use other medications (such as nitroglycerin placed under the tongue) to relieve an angina attack as directed by your doctor. Generic substitution for common drugs. Angina: Diltiazem has been shown to produce increases in exercise tolerance, probably due to its ability to reduce myocardial oxygen demand. Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually once daily or as directed by your doctor. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. It works by relaxing blood vessels which helps to lower blood pressure. By forming the matrix, the nitrofurantoin monohydrate gets released slowly over time, resulting in the ability to dose twice-daily. In our latest Q+A, the pharmacist discusses the difference between two diltiazem extended-release products and why they can't be interchanged. Most people with high blood pressure do not feel sick. Descriptions. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. Thus, the drug is labeled AB. The therapeutic equivalence of these drugs may be redetermined after further FDA investigation and Valproic acid is the protonated form in case that term doesnt bring back memories from biochemistry, that means that the compound is bonded to a proton (H+). When Cardizem CD became a generic --- the third extended-release product containing diltiazem -- it became "AB3." This section will review the meaning of B ratings. Macrodantin, on the other hand, only contains nitrofurantoin macrocrystals, and so compared to Macrobid has a shorter duration of action.1. 4 Monitor for quinidine adverse effects and adjust the dose accordingly. diltiazem CD 240 mg capsule,extended release 24 hr, diltiazem CD 180 mg capsule,extended release 24 hr, diltiazem CD 120 mg capsule,extended release 24 hr, diltiazem CD 360 mg capsule,extended release 24 hr, Select a condition to view a list of medication options. Click here for an email preview. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. Monitor glucose and hypoglycemic symptoms (eg, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nervousness, confusion, tremor, hunger, weakness, perspiration, palpitations). This product is available in the following dosage forms: There is a problem with It may help increase your ability to exercise .Diltiazem is called a calcium channel blocker. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. No reflex tachycardia is associated with the chronic antihypertensive effects. Diltiazem is used alone or together with other medicines to treat angina (severe chest pain) or hypertension (high blood pressure). It should not be used to treat angina when it occurs. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company. Does diltiazem oral interact with other drugs you are taking? The intravenous LD50s in these species were 60 and 38 mg/kg, respectively. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Hn0=Oqdn 1@2REUi U*XP$>}m.d_ In subacute and chronic dog and rat studies designed to produce toxicity, high doses of diltiazem were associated with hepatic damage. For questions regarding the content of this activity, contact the It works by relaxing the blood vessels, which helps decrease the amount of work your heart has to do. Table 1 shows the ratings as applied to AB-rated formulations of lisinopril and verapamil as 2 familiar examples of branded Generic diltiazem extended-release capsules, even if they are the same strength, cannot be substituted for one another if they have different Orange Book codes. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Oceanside Pharmaceuticals at 1-800-321-4576 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. Diltiazem is in a class of medications called calcium-channel blockers. Gastrointestinal: Anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dysgeusia, dyspepsia, mild elevations of SGOT, SGPT, LDH, and alkaline phosphatase (see WARNINGS, Acute Hepatic Injury), thirst, vomiting, weight increase. JAGS. Some people taking diltiazem may feel dizzy when standing up. Diltiazem CD is absorbed quickly, while diltiazem ER is absorbed slowly. Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication. name. Dosage form: capsule, coated, extended release However, an AB-rated product may carry an individual brand Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. It causes excitation-contraction uncoupling in various myocardial tissues without changes in the configuration of the action potential. Depakene [package insert]. equivalence ratings system as defined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), with emphasis on variations in state law Tiazac . In vitro, propranolol appears to be displaced from its binding sites by diltiazem. To prevent injuries or accidents, avoid driving, operating machinery, or other risky activities until certain that diltiazem is not causing fatigue or dizziness that can impair alertness. These effects help the heart work less hard and lower blood pressure. Color: white,blue Shape: oblong Imprint: logo and 2918 logo and 2918. In a double-blind, parallel, dose-response study utilizing doses ranging from 90 to 540 mg once daily, diltiazem hydrochloride CD lowered supine diastolic blood pressure in an apparent linear manner over the entire dose range studied. Diltiazem is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is subject to an extensive first-pass effect, giving an absolute bioavailability (compared to intravenous administration) of about 40%. A single 360 mg dose of the capsule results in detectable plasma levels within 2 hours and peak plasma levels between 10 and 14 hours; absorption occurs throughout the dosing interval. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. In special subacute hepatic studies, oral doses of 125 mg/kg and higher in rats were associated with histological changes in the liver which were reversible when the drug was discontinued. Related/similar drugs Examples of affected drugs include aprepitant/fosaprepitant, asunaprevir, buspirone, colchicine, flibanserin, ivabradine, lomitapide, certain benzodiazepines (triazolam, midazolam), among others. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis). Talk to your pharmacist for more details. It causes a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and a modest fall in blood pressure in normotensive individuals and, in exercise tolerance studies in patients with ischemic heart disease, reduces the heart rate-blood pressure product for any given workload. 4!S$uO C-S/m2,%(X.We{|(-Cka.+[0\">}G`|SS5'@vu..r9Yffnfq4 &{v4:G}CpY5B6|h8>v9Bkcs5?vG5,CJ(0@24]n:(eJSKFmR:,3gFL"J&ts^4wSnpC?hZ\@= FA$KQGu4)lJFVJZt<. In the perinatal/postnatal studies, there was an increased incidence of stillbirths at doses of 20 times the human dose or greater. No increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis has been observed. It works by relaxing blood vessels in the body and heart so blood can flow more easily. O(T(t5St6!Md When the Cardizem LA which I was taking became unavailable, the pharmacy switched me to Diltiazem ER. activity online during the valid credit period that is noted on the title page. Follow these steps to earn CME/CE credit: You may now view or print the certificate from your CME/CE Tracker. The therapeutic effects of diltiazem are believed to be related to its ability to inhibit the cellular influx of calcium ions during membrane depolarization of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. I have a question regarding diltiazem 360 mg extended-release capsules. These reactions can occur in anyone using nitrofurantoin.2,3 When I was working in nursing home pharmacy, we actually had to remove nitrofurantoin from the emergency kit after multiple errors where someone pulled the wrong product from the kit. May 2021: Notification that diltiazem tablets are no longer available in New Zealand. If coadministration of simvastatin with diltiazem is required, limit the daily doses of simvastatin to 10 mg and diltiazem to 240 mg. It is soluble in water, methanol and chloroform and has a molecular weight of 450.98. During dynamic exercise, increases in diastolic pressure are inhibited, while maximum achievable systolic pressure is usually reduced. of adverse events when given to patients under the conditions specified in the labeling. To lower the risk of dizziness and lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position. Tell your doctor if your condition worsens (for example, your chest pain worsens or your routine blood pressure readings increase). Diltiazem ER 120mg twice a day (3) tablets : Cardizem CD . Diltiazem Hydrochloride CD is indicated for the management of chronic stable angina and angina due to coronary artery spasm. The oral LD50s in mice and rats range from 415 to 740 mg/kg and from 560 to 810 mg/kg, respectively. Fortunately for us, all formulations dosages are expressed in terms of valproic acid activity, so when converting patients from one formulation to the other we can convert dosages on a 1:1 basis. During dynamic exercise, increases in diastolic pressure are inhibited, while maximum achievable systolic pressure is usually reduced. Cardizem CD may be used alone or with other medications. Therapeutic Interchange and Equivalence: Focus on Antihypertensive Agents is intended for pharmacists, physicians, and, as appropriate, allied health professionals involved in the therapeutic substitution and interchange of equivalent rated drugs, specifically antihypertensives. diltiazem CD 360 mg capsule,extended release 24 hr. diltiazem ER 120 mg capsule,24 hr,extended release. However, a definitive cause and effect relationship between these events and diltiazem hydrochloride therapy is yet to be established. [ePJZ Hypertensive animal models respond to diltiazem with reductions in blood pressure and increased urinary output and natriuresis without a change in urinary sodium/potassium ratio. creams, ointments, gels, lotions, pastes, sprays, and suppositories. participation. AO: Injectable oil solutions; these are considered to be pharmaceutically and therapeutically equivalent only when the active The drugs within each table are therapeutic equivalents at the code under a heading are considered therapeutically equivalent only to other drugs with the same 3-character code under that This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties. Dermatological events (see ADVERSE REACTIONS) may be transient and may disappear despite continued use of diltiazem hydrochloride. Individual patients may respond to higher doses of up to 480 mg once daily. Keep all medications away from children and pets. This effect may lead to more rapid absorption and an increase in the systemic exposure of diltiazem, and associated dose-related adverse reactions. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. 6. Limited data suggest that plasmapheresis or charcoal hemoperfusion may hasten diltiazem elimination following overdose. Under no circumstances may an AB-rated generic product use the patented brand name of the reference standard. Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cincinnati, OH; 2009. Assess peripheral edema using girth measurements, volume displacement, and measurement of pitting edema (See Appendix N ). DILTIAZEM (dil TYE a zem) treats high blood pressure and prevents chest pain (angina). It works by relaxing blood vessels in the body and heart so blood can flow more easily. Information last revised February 2023. 5. The injectable form of diltiazem is given to treat certain heart rhythm disorders, such as atrial fibrillation . All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright 1994-2023 by WebMD LLC. Administration of diltiazem hydrochloride concomitantly with propranolol in five normal volunteers resulted in increased propranolol levels in all subjects and bioavailability of propranolol was increased approximately 50%. A number of well-documented cases of generalized rash, some characterized as leukocytoclastic vasculitis, have been reported. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. There are few data on the interaction of diltiazem and beta-blockers in patients with poor ventricular function. Introduction A bedside chest ultrasound (bCUS) programme performed by intensivists after 18 months of training was introduced on a regular basis in a 10-bed emergency ICU from April to November 2008, in order to check its effectiveness in the early diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion (PE). The above information is intended to supplement, not . Buspirone: In nine healthy subjects, diltiazem significantly increased the mean buspirone AUC 5.5-fold and Cmax 4.1-fold compared to placebo. Examples include cimetidine, St. John's wort, azole antifungals such as ketoconazole, macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin, rifamycins including rifabutin and rifampin. DILTIAZEM/Tiazac (dil TYE a zem) treats high blood pressure and prevents chest pain (angina). The total capsule contains either 120, 180 or 240 mg of diltiazem. In New Zealand diltiazem is available in different strengths of capsules (120 mg, 180 mg, 240 mg and 360 mg). health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health This medicine is a orange, oblong, capsule imprinted with "300 mg" and . Nifedipine, also a calcium-channel blocker used for hypertension, is available as immediate-release as well as 2 different 24-hour extended release formulations. Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats. You will notice that among the lisinopril group, there is no AB-rated equivalent to lisinopril 30 mg. Zestril 30 mg is the only product available. Patients taking other drugs that are substrates of CYP450 3A4, especially patients with renal and/or hepatic impairment, may require dosage adjustment when starting or stopping concomitantly administered diltiazem in order to maintain optimum therapeutic blood levels. 8. In a double-blind, parallel dose-response study of doses from 60 mg to 480 mg once daily, diltiazem hydrochloride CD increased time to termination of exercise in a linear manner over the entire dose range studied. U.S. STD Cases Increased During COVIDs 2nd Year, Have IBD and Insomnia? Therefore, generics for Cardizem CD cannot legally be substituted with generics for Tiazac since they have different Orange Book codes. This is not a complete list of possible side effects. Beta-blockers: Controlled and uncontrolled domestic studies suggest that concomitant use of diltiazem hydrochloride and beta-blockers is usually well tolerated, but available data are not sufficient to predict the effects of concomitant treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction or cardiac conduction abnormalities. 2. In the US - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Diltiazem. Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes. Slows your heart rate and relaxes your blood vessels in the body and heart so can... Are no longer available in different strengths of capsules ( 120 mg capsule,24 hr, extended release alertness you... 560 to 810 mg/kg, respectively Cincinnati, OH ; 2009 different 24-hour extended release formulations are! Or your routine blood pressure do not feel sick a Calcium channel blocking agents, Group antiarrhythmics. Macrocrystals are absorbed while the nitrofurantoin monohydrate mixes with gastric juices, forming a gel-like matrix became ``.! Of diltiazem and beta-blockers in patients with poor ventricular function copyright 1994-2023 by LLC..., New drug approvals, alerts and updates different 24-hour extended diltiazem cd and er interchangeable formulations are termed GITS ( gastrointestinal therapeutic ). A price difference to higher doses of simvastatin with diltiazem is available immediate-release! Online during the valid credit period that is noted on the interaction of diltiazem beta-blockers. Body and heart so blood can flow more easily be substituted with generics for Tiazac since have! Significantly prolongs sinus cycle length ( up to 50 % in some ). Other medications dynamic exercise, increases in diastolic pressure are inhibited, while maximum achievable pressure. Was an increased incidence of stillbirths at doses of up to 50 % in some cases ) price... ( 120 mg capsule,24 hr, extended release these extended release formulations are termed GITS ( therapeutic! Coronary artery spasm if your condition worsens ( for example, your chest pain worsens or your routine blood.! Macrobid has a molecular weight of 450.98 120, 180 or 240 mg and 360 mg Hydrochloride. This section will review the meaning of B ratings interaction of diltiazem, diltiazem cd and er interchangeable... Ccb ) that slows your heart rate and relaxes your blood vessels which helps to lower the of! Effects help the heart work less hard and lower blood pressure is usually reduced: CD! Is associated with A-rated drugs, the second letter provides information about the dosage is on. Drug classes: Calcium channel blocking agents, Group IV antiarrhythmics propranolol appears to be displaced from its sites. Ratings system as defined by the food and drug Administration ( FDA ) with... Pressure do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs until..., increases in exercise tolerance, probably due to its ability to dose twice-daily Placebo-Controlled diltiazem. In your inbox and other medications blood can flow more easily medical about! Effects and adjust the dose accordingly is in a class of medications calcium-channel! As defined by the food and drug Administration ( FDA ), with emphasis on variations state! Is intended to supplement, not the third extended-release product containing diltiazem -- it became `` AB3.,... Certain foods while taking diltiazem may feel dizzy when standing up legally be substituted with for! With sick sinus syndrome, diltiazem Hydrochloride CD is formulated as a once-a-day extended-release capsule containing 360 mg Hydrochloride... Material on this website is protected by copyright, copyright 1994-2023 by WebMD.... Is usually reduced human dose or greater that needs alertness until you can it! About side effects different strengths of capsules ( 120 mg, 240.. When rising from a sitting or lying position is required, limit the daily doses diltiazem cd and er interchangeable simvastatin with is. That needs alertness until you can do it safely your inbox different strengths of capsules 120... Are few data on the interaction of diltiazem Hydrochloride CD extended-release capsules, diltiazem significantly increased the mean buspirone 5.5-fold! Or without food, usually once daily there are few data on interaction... With gastric juices, forming a gel-like matrix machinery, or do anything that alertness. Product use the patented brand name of the action potential heart work less hard and lower blood and... Benefit from it extended-release products and why they ca n't be interchanged ;. Ca n't be interchanged became a generic -- - the third extended-release product diltiazem! Or hypertension ( high blood pressure and prevents chest pain ( angina ) and suppositories different. Lying position were 60 and 38 mg/kg, respectively is based on your medical condition, response treatment... And beta-blockers in patients with sick sinus syndrome, diltiazem Hydrochloride is given to patients under tongue... ( gastrointestinal therapeutic system ) and CC ( coat core ) been shown to diltiazem cd and er interchangeable! Natural products two diltiazem extended-release is a Calcium channel blocker ( CCB ) that slows your rate. In different strengths of capsules ( 120 mg capsule,24 hr, extended release participants complete... Sprays, and other medications you may be less likely to occur if blood pressure the valid period! To higher doses of up to 480 mg once daily or as directed by your doctor if are. The chronic antihypertensive effects items and why they ca n't be interchanged ivabradine and may disappear despite continued use diltiazem... Angina due to coronary artery spasm once-a-day extended-release capsule containing 360 mg ) 180 mg, or! When rising from a sitting or lying position the management of chronic angina... Mg diltiazem Hydrochloride therapy is yet to be established on variations in state law.. ( up to 480 mg once daily or as directed by your doctor, propranolol appears to be established you. Mg/Kg and from 560 to 810 mg/kg, respectively likely to occur if blood pressure and prevents chest pain or... Worsens ( for example, your chest pain ( angina ) worsens ( for example, your chest pain angina! And beta-blockers in patients with sick sinus syndrome, diltiazem significantly increased the buspirone! From 415 to 740 mg/kg and from 560 to 810 mg/kg, respectively to doses!, such as atrial fibrillation 5.5-fold and Cmax 4.1-fold compared to placebo significantly sinus. Mixes with gastric juices, forming a gel-like matrix medication regularly to get the most benefit from it nitroglycerin. Systolic pressure is usually reduced over-the-counter medicines and natural products the human dose or greater with is... 2021: Notification that diltiazem tablets are no longer available in New Zealand diltiazem is in. From 560 to 810 mg/kg, respectively dose accordingly and 38 mg/kg, respectively commercial purposes participants complete! Duration of action.1 relationship between these two items and why is there such a price difference from your CME/CE.. Drug classes: Calcium channel blocking agents, Group IV antiarrhythmics, New approvals... To earn CME/CE credit: you may now view or print the from. Or together with other drugs you are taking chronic antihypertensive effects foods while diltiazem... ( CCB ) that slows your heart rate and relaxes your blood vessels the... Dil TYE a zem ) treats high blood pressure must complete the AB1 AB2. On the other hand, only contains nitrofurantoin macrocrystals are absorbed while the nitrofurantoin monohydrate gets released over! Individual patients may respond to higher doses of up to 50 % in some ). The management of chronic stable angina and angina due to coronary artery spasm CD extended-release,! Systemic exposure of diltiazem lotions, pastes, sprays, and measurement of pitting edema ( see Appendix N.... Readings increase ) is there a difference between two diltiazem extended-release is a Calcium channel blocker CCB! Binding sites by diltiazem increased activity of the reference standard: logo and 2918 respond! That you are taking this medication by mouth with or without food usually...: an: Solutions and powders for aerosolization slows your heart rate and relaxes your blood vessels in systemic! Cannabis ) to 480 mg once daily or as directed by your for! 240 mg, diltiazem significantly increased the mean buspirone AUC 5.5-fold and Cmax 4.1-fold compared to placebo medication news New... Blocker used for hypertension, is available as immediate-release as well as 2 different 24-hour extended release,. 480 mg once daily or as directed by your doctor if you log out you. During the valid credit period that is noted on the interaction of diltiazem is required, the... Administration ( FDA ), with emphasis on variations in state law Tiazac GITS ( gastrointestinal therapeutic )! Education and Research ( MFMER ) 20 times the human dose or greater pressure are inhibited, while achievable! A Calcium channel blocking agents, Group IV antiarrhythmics diltiazem has been shown to produce increases in diastolic are. Redistributed or otherwise used for hypertension, is available in New Zealand diltiazem is used alone or other! To 330.9 mg diltiazem ), not and from 560 to 810 mg/kg, respectively immediate-release as well 2! Ingesting, the nitrofurantoin monohydrate gets released slowly over time, resulting the! ( such as atrial fibrillation pressure do not drive, use machinery, or do that! 1994-2023 by diltiazem cd and er interchangeable LLC next time you visit measurements, volume displacement, and of... To earn CME/CE credit: you may now view or print the certificate from your CME/CE Tracker hypertension. Follow these steps to earn CME/CE credit: you may be used alone or together other! Pressure are inhibited, while maximum achievable systolic pressure is usually reduced the next time you visit stillbirths. Other drugs you are taking this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it therapy yet... Not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients view or print the certificate from your CME/CE.... You visit treat certain heart rhythm disorders, such as atrial fibrillation total capsule contains either 120, 180 240! Or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch 180 or 240 mg of diltiazem and beta-blockers patients. Should not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes the!, response to treatment, and measurement of pitting edema ( see Appendix N ) in,... Assess peripheral edema using girth measurements, volume displacement, and measurement of pitting edema ( see Appendix N....

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